2,745 research outputs found
Are all the frames equally important?
In this work, we address the problem of measuring and predicting temporal
video saliency - a metric which defines the importance of a video frame for
human attention. Unlike the conventional spatial saliency which defines the
location of the salient regions within a frame (as it is done for still
images), temporal saliency considers importance of a frame as a whole and may
not exist apart from context. The proposed interface is an interactive
cursor-based algorithm for collecting experimental data about temporal
saliency. We collect the first human responses and perform their analysis. As a
result, we show that qualitatively, the produced scores have very explicit
meaning of the semantic changes in a frame, while quantitatively being highly
correlated between all the observers. Apart from that, we show that the
proposed tool can simultaneously collect fixations similar to the ones produced
by eye-tracker in a more affordable way. Further, this approach may be used for
creation of first temporal saliency datasets which will allow training
computational predictive algorithms. The proposed interface does not rely on
any special equipment, which allows to run it remotely and cover a wide
audience.Comment: CHI'20 Late Breaking Work
Robust optimization utilizing the second-order design sensitivity information
This paper presents an effective methodology for robust optimization of electromagnetic devices. To achieve the goal, the method improves the robustness of the minimum of the objective function chosen as a design solution by minimizing the second-order sensitivity information, called a gradient index (GI) and defined by a function of gradients of performance functions with respect to uncertain variables. The constraint feasibility is also enhanced by adding a GI corresponding to the constraint value. The distinctive feature of the method is that it requires neither statistical information on design variables nor calculation of the performance reliability during the robust optimization process. The validity of the proposed method is tested with the TEAM Workshop Problem 2
DataGarden: Exploring our Community in a VR Data Visualization
As our society is becoming increasingly data-dependent, more and more people
rely on charts and graphs to understand and communicate complex data. While
such visualizations effectively reveal meaningful trends, they unavoidably
aggregate data into points and bars that are overly simplified depictions of
ourselves and our communities. We present DataGarden, a system that supports
embodied interactions with humane data representations in an immersive VR
environment. Through the system, we explore ways to rethink the traditional
visualization approach and allow people to empathize more deeply with the
people behind the data.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Learning Visual Importance for Graphic Designs and Data Visualizations
Knowing where people look and click on visual designs can provide clues about
how the designs are perceived, and where the most important or relevant content
lies. The most important content of a visual design can be used for effective
summarization or to facilitate retrieval from a database. We present automated
models that predict the relative importance of different elements in data
visualizations and graphic designs. Our models are neural networks trained on
human clicks and importance annotations on hundreds of designs. We collected a
new dataset of crowdsourced importance, and analyzed the predictions of our
models with respect to ground truth importance and human eye movements. We
demonstrate how such predictions of importance can be used for automatic design
retargeting and thumbnailing. User studies with hundreds of MTurk participants
validate that, with limited post-processing, our importance-driven applications
are on par with, or outperform, current state-of-the-art methods, including
natural image saliency. We also provide a demonstration of how our importance
predictions can be built into interactive design tools to offer immediate
feedback during the design process
Reflection coefficient calculation of a feeder structure in a RLSA
RLSA(Radial line slot antenna) is slotted waveguide array antenna which is proposed for
the DBS(Direct Broadcast from a Satellite) reception.
Theoretically, it has lower conduction loss and higher effectiveness than the planar antenna
using microstrip. DL-RLSA(Double-layered RLSA) uses radially inward travelling wave
for the slot excitation in the double-layered radial line. The effectiveness of DL-RLSA is
more than 75%(33.0~37dBi), which is two times as high effectiveness as other planar
antenna. In spite of that advantage, SL-RLSA(Single-layered RLSA) is more popular
because of the complex structure of DL-RLSA. But the radially outward travelling wave of
SL-RLSA makes high tapering when the travelling wave approaches the aperture edge. To
remove these troublesome thing, a effective feeder structure which has tilting rod is
proposed in this paper. To find the optimum height and tilting angle of the feeder, the finitedifference
time-domain(FDTD) method is employed. In other words, the simulation
parameter of the FDTD algorithm is the dimension of feeder.
Compared with the effectiveness of the conventional rod feeder structure, that of the
proposed feeder structure in this paper is enhanced by 5dB
Input of terrestrial organic matter linked to deglaciation increased mercury transport to the Svalbard fjords
Deglaciation has accelerated the transport of minerals as well as modern and ancient organic matter from land to fjord sediments in Spitsbergen, Svalbard, in the European Arctic Ocean. Consequently, such sediments may contain significant levels of total mercury (THg) bound to terrestrial organic matter. The present study compared THg contents in surface sediments from three fjord settings in Spitsbergen: Hornsund in the southern Spitsbergen, which has high annual volume of loss glacier and receives sediment from multiple tidewater glaciers, Dicksonfjorden in the central Spitsbergen, which receives sediment from glacifluvial rivers, and Wijdefjorden in the northern Spitsbergen, which receive sediments from a mixture of tidewater glaciers and glacifluvial rivers. Our results showed that the THg (52 +/- 15 ng g(-1)) bound to organic matter (OM) was the highest in the Hornsund surface sediments, where the glacier loss (0.44 km(3) yr(-1)) and organic carbon accumulation rates (9.3 similar to 49.4 g m(-2) yr(-1)) were elevated compared to other fjords. Furthermore, the delta C-13 (-27 similar to -24 parts per thousand) and delta S-34 values (-10 similar to 15 parts per thousand) of OM indicated that most of OM were originated from terrestrial sources. Thus, the temperature-driven glacial melting could release more OM originating from the meltwater or terrestrial materials, which are available for THg binding in the European Arctic fjord ecosystems.11Ysciescopu
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